Atomic structure include Protons,Neutrons, Electrons
Atomic number and mass - calculate
Difference between elements, compounds, molecules and atoms and mixtures.
Features of the periodic table – Groups, Periods, areas of metals, non-metals
Valency and ionic compounds (first 20 elements)
Predict valency based on electron configuration.
Metals vs non metals – basic properties Conductors of heat and electricity, lustrous when cut, malleable, ductile etc
Groups and common properties
Proton Electron Neutron Molecule Lattice Compound Valency Ionic Mendeleev
Energy levels Noble gas Inert gas Halogen Malleable Lustrous Ductile Conductor Insulator Melting point
Assessment Practical work Homework Book pages 1 x Assignment/Project 1 x End of topic test
Done at school
Done at Home
Priority 1
Activities
Extensions
1. What’s the matter
Label a model of the atom
Compare and identify the differences between an atom of an element, an atom of a compound,(can’t be done) molecule of an element, molecule of a compound.
Draw chemical models of some compounds p 4 fig 1.1.3 to 1.1.6
Prac 1.1 page 8 Making the compound CO2
Revision questions p5~6
1, 3, 4, 5, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14,
Homework Book 1.1
Revision Questions 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 24, 25, 26
make a 3D model of the atom
2. The periodic table
History of the periodic table – video available (BBC A Volatile History part 2 of 3
Features of the periodic table – alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, transition metals, halogens, non-metals, noble gases, lanthanides, actinides
Colour-coding the periodic table - download it here
Class notes
an over view of the periodic table.
the columns in the periodictable are called groups
rows are called periods
as you count across from the left of the periodic table the groups are numbered
some interesting facts
elements in group 1 have only one electron in the outer shell
elements in group two have two electrons in the outer shell.
elements in group IIIA or group 13 have 3 electrons in the outer shell etc
until you get to the inett gases that have a full fomplement of electrons in the outer shell.
this full complement is 2 in the first period
8 in the second period
8 in the third period
18 in the fourth period
have a look at this periodic table that shows the electronic configuration or the electrons patterns in their orbits
Equation writing exercise The point of this exercise is to use the language of chemistry to describe the combination of ions to form a compound
Na+ + Cl -à
H+ + O2- à
Mg 2+ + F- à
Mg2+ + O 2-à
Na+ + Fl -à
H+ + Cl- à
o2- + Mg2+ à
Mg2+ + Cl-à
C4+ + o2-à
10.n3- + H+ à
Notes
Prac 5 : Making metals into non metals (making metal compounds from elements)
Metal
Acid
Observation
Possible product (s)
Magnesium Mg
Hydrochloric HCl
Bubbles, solid Mg seemed to disappear. Gas exploded with a pop when it was lit.
Hydrogen gas H2 (g) and Magnesium ions (Mg 2+)and Chlorine ions (Cl1-) If we evaporated the water we would be left with salt crystals of Magnesium Chloride (MgCl2)
Copper Cu
Hydrochloric HCl
Hardly any bubbles of gas, slight blue tinge in the solution
Hydrogen gas H2 (g) and Copper ions (Cu 2+)and Chlorine ions (Cl1-) If we evaporated the water we would be left with salt crystals of Copper Chloride (CuCl2)
Iron Fe
Hydrochloric HCl
Hydrogen gas H2 (g) and Iron ions (Fe 2+)and Chlorine ions (Cl1-) If we evaporated the water we would be left with salt crystals of Iron Chloride (FeCl2)
The hydrogen pop test is to place a lit match nest to the gas and if it pops it is Hydrogen.
A general rule is an acid added to a metal will give off Hydrogen gas.
Halogen Precipitate Exercise
We combined KI (potassium iodide) with Pb(NO3)2 (lead nitrate) andcreated 2 new products.
One was the yellow compoundPbI2 (Lead Iodide) the remaining clear liquid was KNO3
Potassium Nitrate.
What elements combined to make PbI2
What are the ion forms of these elements? Pb2+ and I-
The second reaction combined with . This time the white
precipitate was and the remaining clear liquid was KNO3
What elements combined to make the white precipitate
What are the ion forms of these elements?
The halogens referred to in this exercise are the non metal component of each compound.
That is the and the _.
The thing about the halogens is that they all have a valency of 1- and form ions with a 1- charge.
When these are in a gas form they are coloured and poisonous. They are all in group VII (or 17)
The noble or inert gases are in group VIII (or 18). These don’t react and don’t form ions.
Group I (or 1) are called the alkali metals. They are very reactive and form ions with a 1+ charge.
Group II (or 2) are called the alkali earth metals. They are very reactive also and form ions with a 2+
charge.
Group IV (or 14) begins with elements that are non metals ( carbon and Silicon) Germanium
has metalloid properties and the others like Pb are metallic. C and Si are important to
organic molecules but can also be in other forms (allotropes) like diamond and graphite
The big block in the middle of the periodic table is the transition metals and stretch from group 3
to group 12. They all have metallic properties (good conductors of heat and electricity, ductile,
malleable, high melting and boiling points. Some of the metals have similar properties across
a period. Eg Co, Ni, Fe are all magnetic.
Questions -1 to 10 of this chapter start the chapter review
Pretest states of matter
Electron
Neutron
Molecule
Lattice
Compound
Valency
Ionic
Mendeleev
Noble gas
Inert gas
Halogen
Malleable
Lustrous
Ductile
Conductor
Insulator
Melting point
Practical work
Homework Book pages
1 x Assignment/Project
1 x End of topic test
16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 24, 25, 26
make a 3D model of the atom
p 12 of text book
Ques -6,7,9,10,11,12, 13
go here to check your answers
try this one about their position in the periodic table
Or this one about the patterns in the periodic table
http://sing-smart.com/Lyrics/8%20Patterns.htm
Here is the task - add a verse!!! to this song about patterns.
the periodic table song by Tom Leherer with words
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5_KsnUGtAbg
and here's avery good one that builds the table
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OduTDUGeAXE&feature=related
or learn the elements in order with a story
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q890VWpvXaw&feature=fvwrel
Useful websites to assist learning of the 20 elements
http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/Elementsgames.htm
http://education.jlab.org/elementflashcards/index.html
17, 18, 20, 21, 23, 24
http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/
What's gone wrong here
Ricky's atoms activity (Courtesy of Ms Selir)
- Prac 1.5 page 34 Halogen precipitates
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9z5-mJ8NZkhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eCk0lYB_8c0&feature=related
an over view of the periodic table.
the columns in the periodictable are called groups
rows are called periods
as you count across from the left of the periodic table the groups are numbered
some interesting facts
elements in group 1 have only one electron in the outer shell
elements in group two have two electrons in the outer shell.
elements in group IIIA or group 13 have 3 electrons in the outer shell etc
until you get to the inett gases that have a full fomplement of electrons in the outer shell.
this full complement is 2 in the first period
8 in the second period
8 in the third period
18 in the fourth period
have a look at this periodic table that shows the electronic configuration or the electrons patterns in their orbits
Equation writing exercise
The point of this exercise is to use the language of chemistry to describe the combination of ions to form a compound
10.n3- + H+ à
Notes
Prac 5 : Making metals into non metals (making metal compounds from elements)
Magnesium ions (Mg 2+)and Chlorine ions (Cl1-)
If we evaporated the water we would be left with salt crystals of Magnesium Chloride (MgCl2)
Copper ions (Cu 2+)and Chlorine ions (Cl1-)
If we evaporated the water we would be left with salt crystals of Copper Chloride (CuCl2)
Iron ions (Fe 2+)and Chlorine ions (Cl1-)
If we evaporated the water we would be left with salt crystals of Iron Chloride (FeCl2)
The hydrogen pop test is to place a lit match nest to the gas and if it pops it is Hydrogen.
A general rule is an acid added to a metal will give off Hydrogen gas.
Halogen Precipitate Exercise
We combined KI (potassium iodide) with Pb(NO3)2 (lead nitrate) andcreated 2 new products.
One was the yellow compoundPbI2 (Lead Iodide) the remaining clear liquid was KNO3
Potassium Nitrate.
What elements combined to make PbI2
What are the ion forms of these elements? Pb2+ and I-
The second reaction combined with . This time the white
precipitate was and the remaining clear liquid was KNO3
What elements combined to make the white precipitate
What are the ion forms of these elements?
The halogens referred to in this exercise are the non metal component of each compound.
That is the and the _.
The thing about the halogens is that they all have a valency of 1- and form ions with a 1- charge.
When these are in a gas form they are coloured and poisonous. They are all in group VII (or 17)
The noble or inert gases are in group VIII (or 18). These don’t react and don’t form ions.
Group I (or 1) are called the alkali metals. They are very reactive and form ions with a 1+ charge.
Group II (or 2) are called the alkali earth metals. They are very reactive also and form ions with a 2+
charge.
Group IV (or 14) begins with elements that are non metals ( carbon and Silicon) Germanium
has metalloid properties and the others like Pb are metallic. C and Si are important to
organic molecules but can also be in other forms (allotropes) like diamond and graphite
The big block in the middle of the periodic table is the transition metals and stretch from group 3
to group 12. They all have metallic properties (good conductors of heat and electricity, ductile,
malleable, high melting and boiling points. Some of the metals have similar properties across
a period. Eg Co, Ni, Fe are all magnetic.
Questions -1 to 10 of this chapter
start the chapter review